Trees communicate and share nutrients through underground fungal networks
Most trees form symbiotic relationships with mycorrhizal fungi that extend far beyond their root systems. These fungal networks, sometimes called the 'Wood Wide Web', connect individual trees and allow them to exchange nutrients, water, and chemical signals. A large 'mother tree' will direct extra carbon and nutrients through the network towards younger seedlings in shade. Trees under insect attack send warning chemical signals through the network that neighbouring trees respond to by producing defensive compounds. The network can span hectares.
Trees seem silent, solitary, and passive. Discovering they operate a sophisticated underground internet for communication and resource-sharing rewrites the forest from a collection of individual organisms into a cooperative network.
“Trees communicate underground through fungal networks — the 'Wood Wide Web'. They share nutrients, water, and chemical warnings. A large tree will direct extra nutrients to struggling seedlings nearby. 🌲🍄 #OddlyHuman”